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美债最终恐无人接盘？美联储官员重磅警告 加息大门仍敞开_我的网站

A |     KYIV, Ukraine -- Russia appears to be suffering severe losses as it wages its new offensive in eastern Ukraine, amid some of the bloodiest fighting in months, according to Ukrainian officials and independent analysts.Russia has thrown thousands of troops and hundreds of tanks and armored vehicles into the offensive, which is focused mainly on the strategic city of Avdiivka and further north near the city of Kupiansk. Russian forces for roughly two weeks have been trying to encircle Avdiivka, which is one of the most heavily fortified areas of Ukraine's frontline.Ukrainian officials on Sunday claimed Russia had lost over 6,000 soldiers in a week, as well as over 400 armored vehicles and tanks. Britain's defense intelligence claimed Russian casualties have spiked by 90% since it began the offensive.ABC cannot independently verify those numbers, but numerous videos of the Russian attacks around Avdiivka released by Ukrainian units suggest Russia is taking losses on a scale not since last winter.Some of the videos show columns of Russian armor coming under withering Ukrainian fire as they try to advance, pummelled by artillery and anti-tank missiles, and running into minefields. In other videos, Russian forces can be seen being barraged by U.S.-supplied cluster munitions. Large groups of Russian infantry can be seen being struck by artillery.Open source analysts watching the videos have counted dozens of Russian vehicles destroyed and damaged.Ukraine does not publish its own casualties, but Ukrainian officials have acknowledged they are also large.So far Russian forces have made little progress, only advancing a few hundred meters, near Avdiivka, according to both Ukrainian and Russian accounts.But despite the losses, Russia is continuing its efforts to encircle Avdiivka. The Washington, D.C.-based Institute for the Study of War on Sunday assessed Russia was moving more troops up to continue the attack."Russian forces are funneling additional forces to the Avdiivka front despite ongoing challenges with frontal mechanized assaults and the failure of a renewed push on October 19-20," the ISW wrote in its daily update on the war.Ukrainian officials have said they believe the determined Russian effort to seize Avdiivka is motivated by the Kremlin's desire to claim a significant victory ahead of Russia's presidential elections next year."It appears that Russian forces are continuing to use ineffective and costly tactics in offensive efforts near Avdiivka leading to high personnel and vehicle losses, and that they have continuously done so in several waves of attacks over the past week suggests that the Russian military command is prioritizing this axis, despite continued and growing losses," the ISW wrote in an earlier assessment on Saturday.Some Russian pro-war military bloggers have criticised how the operation has been handled and the decision to attack the most heavily fortified area of Ukraine's line, given the small progress so far.Analysts, however, have warned that despite the catastrophic losses, Russia may still be able to encircle Avdiivka and that it still has sizeable reserves in the area.Vitaliy Barabash, the head of Avdiivka's Ukrainian military administration, on Monday said Russian forces were attempting to cut the only road leading to the city, which would isolate the Ukrainian forces defending it."Logistics are very difficult. Twenty two kilometers to the city are constantly under fire, both during the day and at night. It greatly complicates both evacuation and bringing in humanitarian aid. Any logistics is all through one road. Of course, the enemy is trying to cut it," Barabash said in a live interview with RFE/RL.He also said that 1,601 civilians still in Avdiivka did not want to leave.Ukraine is also still on the offensive. In the past week, an unusually large force from two elite Ukrainian Marine brigades landed on the Russian-occupied eastern bank of the Dneipr river in the Kherson region. The Ukrainian units have advanced into at least two villages there and are digging in, according to Russian military bloggers.The scale of the operation is still very unclear, but it appears Ukraine may be attempting to establish a bridgehead there that if successful could create a possibility for it to move larger forces across for a bigger attack, potentially opening a new front in its counteroffensive. For now, most analysts assess the size of the Ukrainian force operating on the eastern bank is still small.Ukrainian forces are also continuing to attack on the main axis of the counteroffensive in the southern Zaporizhzhia region and around the city of Bakhmut, reportedly making small advances.。    　　近期，美国长期国债收益率飙升至近20年高位引发担忧。美国里士满联储主席汤姆·巴尔金最新警告称，美国债务不断膨胀最终将引发一场清算，他指出“到某个时刻，人们会停止购买你的债务”。

B | 　　巴尔金表示，如果美国债务继续攀升，最终将不可避免地迎来一场“清算”，但具体时间点难以预测。　　被问及美国联邦债务债务总额突破40万亿美元时，巴尔金表示，只要公众继续购买国债，政府就可以继续举债。但他警告存在人们停止购买美债的真实风险。

C | 　　“随着事态的发展，这终将面临清算。

D | 只是没人能预料到具体时间，我们拥有全球性货币和法治体系——这些正是人们持续购买我们债务的原因。

E | 但你知道的，总有一天，人们会停止购买你的债务，这就是当前存在的风险。”巴尔金称。　　本月，随着美债遭遇大幅抛售，长期国债收益率攀升至数十年高位，迫使美国财政部宣布采取非常规债务回购干预举措。　　动荡不安的债市引发了市场争论。虽然巴尔金并未预测短期内会出现危机，但他关于投资者最终可能停止购买美国国债的直白警示，与华尔街人士已经提出的担忧遥相呼应。　　近几周已有多位华尔街知名人士警告称，某种形式的债务清算发生的可能性正不断上升。　　这也是近期美联储官员针对美国举债可持续性发出的最为直白的警告之一。相比之下，巴尔金的美联储同僚们有关美债的表态则颇为谨慎。　　明尼阿波利斯联储主席尼尔·卡什卡利上周日表示，美国国债收益率上升并不构成担忧，也不太可能影响货币政策决定。　　“种种迹象表明，美国国债市场运作正常，交易正常进行，市场流动性充足，因此我们可以将联邦基金利率作为降低通胀的主要政策工具。”卡什卡利在接受最新采访时说道。　　而美国圣路易斯联储主席阿尔贝托·穆萨勒姆上周四在接受媒体采访时将美债抛售归因于政府借贷与人工智能（AI）发展融资需求之间的资金争夺。

F | 　　当前存在对资金的竞争，来自政府融资——政府融资总额——加上人工智能建设，而目前美国和全球各地都在为其提供融资，“穆萨勒姆当时表示，”有趣的是，通胀预期得到锚定。美联储的信誉并未受到质疑。

G | 　　加息大门仍敞开　　利率前景方面，巴尔金重申，鉴于通胀正在缓解，他目前仍倾向于维持利率不变，但也表示如果物价压力变得根深蒂固，官员们可能需要加息。　　这番表态意味着，尽管巴尔金的基本预期仍是按兵不动，但进一步收紧政策的大门并未关上。美联储的利率路径将高度依赖经济数据。　　同日，波士顿联储主席柯林斯表示，若数据未显示通胀持续降温，美联储可能需尽快加息。　　他们的言论恰逢美联储主席沃什周五将在杰克逊霍尔发表主题演讲之前，届时财政可持续性以及利率前景将是市场关注的焦点。市场普遍认为沃什的演讲将为9月政策会议释放重要信号。　　据CME“美联储观察”，目前美联储9月维持利率不变的概率为60.4%，加息25个基点的概率为39.6%。（文章来源：财联社）。

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